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Key Takeaways

  • Colorado Common Interest Ownership Act (CCIOA) governs HOAs, condos, and planned communities
  • HOA documents (declarations, bylaws, rules) must be disclosed to buyers
  • Colorado requires specific mold and radon disclosures in certain situations
  • Green building disclosures cover solar panels, energy efficiency, and sustainability features
  • Colorado has specific requirements for foreclosure procedures and timelines
Last updated: January 2026

Special Topics in Colorado Real Estate

Colorado has specific laws and regulations for common interest communities and various special situations.

Colorado Common Interest Ownership Act (CCIOA)

CCIOA (C.R.S. 38-33.3) governs:

  • Homeowners Associations (HOAs)
  • Condominiums
  • Planned communities
  • Townhome associations

Key CCIOA Provisions

ProvisionRequirement
Governing DocumentsDeclaration, bylaws, rules
Association PowersAssessment collection, rule enforcement
Owner RightsMeeting attendance, voting, records access
Resale DisclosureRequired for all sales

HOA Disclosures in Transactions

Sellers must provide:

DocumentDescription
DeclarationMaster governing document
BylawsOperating rules
Rules and RegulationsCommunity standards
Financial StatementsAssociation finances
Reserve StudyLong-term planning
Meeting MinutesRecent board actions
AssessmentsCurrent and pending dues

Resale Certificate

The HOA must provide a resale certificate containing:

  • Current assessments
  • Pending special assessments
  • Association financial status
  • Pending litigation
  • Insurance coverage
  • Governance information

Timing: Certificate must be provided within specified time after request.

Environmental Disclosures

Radon

Colorado has significant radon concerns:

RequirementDetail
DisclosureRecommended practice
TestingAdvised for all transactions
MitigationMay be negotiated
EPA GuidanceAction level 4.0 pCi/L

Mold

RequirementDetail
DisclosureKnown mold should be disclosed
No State StandardColorado doesn't regulate mold levels
Best PracticeProfessional inspection if suspected

Lead-Based Paint

Federal requirements apply:

  • Pre-1978 homes
  • EPA pamphlet required
  • Seller disclosure required
  • 10-day inspection right

Methamphetamine Contamination

RequirementDetail
Disclosure RequiredYes - if property was meth lab
Cleanup StandardsState decontamination standards
CertificationMust be certified clean
RecordingMay be recorded against property

Green Building and Solar

Solar Panel Disclosures

If property has solar panels:

DiscloseDetails
Owned vs. LeasedOwnership status
Lease TermsIf leased, all terms
Transfer RequirementsHow lease transfers
Performance DataSystem output information
WarrantiesCoverage and terms

Energy Efficiency

Disclosure may include:

  • Energy audit results
  • Utility costs
  • Efficiency improvements
  • Green certifications

Foreclosure in Colorado

Public Trustee Foreclosure

Colorado uses a public trustee system:

StepTimeline
Notice of Election and DemandFiled with public trustee
Publication5 consecutive weeks
SaleApproximately 110-125 days after filing
Redemption Period75 days for owner
ConfirmationCourt confirmation of sale

Deficiency Judgments

TypeAllowed?
Public Trustee SaleGenerally no
Judicial ForeclosureYes, if pursued

Property Tax Considerations

Assessment and Appeals

ProcessDetail
Assessment CycleEvery odd year
Assessment Ratio6.765% residential (varies)
AppealsTo County Board of Equalization
PaymentIn arrears
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Colorado HOA Document Requirements
Test Your Knowledge

What Colorado law governs homeowners associations and condominiums?

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Test Your Knowledge

In a Colorado HOA transaction, which document must the association provide to buyers?

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Test Your Knowledge

How does Colorado handle non-judicial foreclosures?

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